YahGarden

Library · A Contribution to South African Materia Medica (third edition), 1895

Leonotis leonurus—Wild or Red Dagga—[…] um-Fincafincane.

Andrew Smith, pp. 27–28. Transcribed from the page image on September 25, 2026, as printed.

An eager curiosity has existed to find out the South African plant used as an antidote for snake-bite, which has acquired a repute. This is the plant. It is the one from which European practitioners have made their noted preparations. There is however one preparation which appears to be made from Teucrium Africanum. It is of a dark green colour, which is the colour of the tincture of this plant. Leonotis leonurus is a tall plant, growing to the height of 4 to 7 feet. Its leaves are oblong, usually about 4 inches long, and ½ an inch to 8 lines wide, serrate but not quite to the base, rather deeply furrowed. The plant may easily be recognized by the numerous whorls on its stem of light-red or orange-coloured flowers. Its smell is strong and peculiar. The […] name umfincafincane is taken from the sugar-birds sipping the sweets from the bottom of its long trumpet shaped corolla. Before the mouth of the corolla opens, which it does when the stamens are mature, the nectar is intensely bitter, but at the moment of opening the sweetness is developed. This means that nature does not wish insect marauders who cannot carry the pollen where it is required, to come and rob the nectary. The Wild Dagga or Wild Hemp is a totally different plant from the common Dagga or Hemp (Cannabis; […], umya) run wild; but it is so named because its leaves are something like those of the hemp plant, and like them they are smoked by the […], and are extremely powerful to produce intoxication or delirium. Fanciful stories have been propagated about the mode in which this remedy for snake-bite was discovered, but the truth of the matter is, that this is the Fingo remedy, and has been known to the Fingo herb-doctors for ages. The […] remedy, the one on which they place most reliance, is not this plant but Teucrium Africanum.

A colonial slur for Black South Africans appears four times (in the heading, before two plant names, and naming a people's remedy) and a colonial slur for the Khoikhoi once; each is cut and marked […]. The chapter's opening list of snake-bite plants on p. 27 is not transcribed.